Dadabhai Nauroji
He is known as the ‘Grand Old Man’ of India. He was one of the founder members of the Congress and remain President of Congress many times. He pleaded for India’s cause in Britain and became the first Indian to be elected member of British Parliament in 1892.
Surendra Nath Banerjee
He left the Indian Civil Services and became the pioneer of the nationalist agitation in India. In 1876, he founded the Indian Association with the object of making it the centre of Indian National Movement.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
He devoted the major part of his life for cause of India’s freedom. He founded the Marathi journal ‘Kesari’ and created national awakening by reviving the Ganesh Festival and by organising a new annual festival in commemoration of Shivaji. He was an extremist Congress leader from the very beginning. He wrote ‘Gita Rahasya’.
Gopal Krishna Gokhale
He was a pioneer of the freedom movement. He served the Congress with distinction as a moderate leader. Gandhiji regarded him as his political ‘Guru’. He also founded the ‘Servants of the Indian Society’ to serve the people in different fields of life.
Mahatma Gandhi
He was born on 2nd October 1869 at Porbandar. He went to South Africa after his legal studies in London. He stay there and struggled in South Africa during 1894 to 1914. Champaran Satyagraha was started by him in 1917 against white indigo merchants. His leadership of Congress started from 1919 and his life-history is apart of India’s freedom. He made efforts for Hindu-Muslim unity till his death on 30 January, 1948.
His main literary works was My experiments with Truths. His main journals were ‘Young India’ and ‘Harijan’. His concepts were of non-violence, Satyagraha, Swadeshi, Swaraj, Ram Rajya and Sarvodaya. His theory of trusteeship, basic education and Varnasrama Dharma is contribution to India and the World.
Jawaharlal Nehru
He worked in close collaboration with Gandhiji for India’s independence. He was son of Motilal Nehru, an eminent lawyer and freedom fighter. Jawaharlal Nehru was President of Indian National Congress many times. He became the Vice-President of the Viceroy’s Executive Council in 1946 and headed the interim government. He was the first Prime Minister of India. His main literary works are Autobiography, Glimpses of World History and Discovery of India. He evolved Panchshila and was the founder of the non-aligned movement in the world.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
He was a valiant freedom fighter. He successfully conducted the Bardoli Satyagraha in 1928 and earned the title ‘Sardar’. He was a trusted lieutenant of Mahtma Gandhi and became the Deputy Prime Minister of India after independence. He was called the ‘Iron Man of India’ and was the architect of the integration of Princely states into the Indian Union.
Ravindranath Tagore
Popularly known as Gurudev, he wrote profusely in Bengali. Later, he translated his work into English. He was awarded Noble Prize in 1913 for his work ‘Gitanjali’ a collection of poems. He founded ‘Vishva Bharati’ at Shantiniketan. He was considered the spiritual ambassador of India by Indian National Leaders. He is also famous for his paintings.
Subhash Chandra Bose
He was selected in Indian Civil Services but he resigned in 1920. A prominent left-wing leader of the Congress, he was elected President of Congress in 1938 and 1939. He founded the Forward Bloc and went to Germany and Japan to organise armed liberation of India. In 1941 he founded Indian National Army which finally collapsed in 1945. He gave the well known slogan ‘Jai Hind’ and ‘Dilli Chalo’.
Chittaranjan Das
Deshbandhu C.R. Das was an eminent lawyer of Bengal. He founded the Swaraj Party in 1923, and was the political Guru of Subhash Chandra Bose.
Sarojini Naidu
She was born in Hyderabad in 1879. Her collection of poems became a best seller in Englang and she came to be known as the ‘Nightingale of India’. She was an active Congress worker and freedom fighter and was appointed the Governor of United Province after independence.
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
He was the first Muslim in India who tried to uplift the Muslim community through modern education. He founded the Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh. Though throughout his early career he worked for Hindu-Muslim amity, towards the end of his life he developed the communal spirit.
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