War broke out in Korea on 25th June 1950, and the same day a resolution was brought forward in the Security Council blaming North Korea for an armed attack and calling on all members of the United Nations to render every assistance to the organization in securing the cessation of hostilities and the withdrawal of North Korean forces to the 38th parallel. North Korea was under the authority of U.S.S.R. and South Korea under U.S.A.
Jawaharlal addressed an appeal to Stalin and Acheson stressing the need to admit China to the United Nations and bring back the Soviet Union to the Security Council. The emphasis was on the urgency of the step rather than on the rights and wrongs of it and the belief has that the situation in the far east could be deal with satisfactorily if the principal parties agreed to sit round a conference table. Subsequently the North Korean armies were pushed back. Should the forces of the United Nations continue to advance, and if so, how far should they go. The Chinese government clearly indicated that if the 38th parallel was crossed, they would consider it a grave danger to their security and would not tolerate it. The whole situation started burning and giving its way to a possible third world war. It was whenever decided that the forces of the United Nations should advance beyond the 38th parallel, a decision for which Gen. Mac Arthur’s megalomania was largely responsible. The reorganised North Korean troops and Chinese forces, hit back and disaster followed on the Yalu river. Amidst uproar and recriminations at the United Nations, India suggested a cease-fire and a demilitarized zone where negotiations could take place. India had not supported the six-power and seven-power resolutions because she felt they would increase the tension and inflame passion and would not help in solving the problem—There had been talk of using atom bomb, but India deprecated such talk. Later on 27th July 1953, the three man committee of the U. N. and subsequently the first (political) committee of general assembly passed a resolution providing for a cease-fire and withdrawal of foreign armies from Korea.
In this way Jawaharlal’s attempts in avoiding third world war beared fruits. The slight, trim figure in the buttoned-up tunic and with a red rose in the baton-hole, the tense, impatient face usually crowned with a Gandhi cap concealing the boldness, became the chief symbol in the world’s eyes of national freedom and progress and international goodwill by strengthening the peace everywhere.
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