A long time ago, the city of Nottingham (England) was ruled by King Richard. Richard was a very generous king. He always helped the poor and spread happiness. Moreover, he was a just king. He never gave punishment to the innocent. The king had a wicked brother, Prince John. “John, there’s some news I have …
Reproductive System Reproduction is the main link in the cycle of life. The lifecycle involves: birth, growth, generation of new life, ageing and death. The ability to generate a new life-form is called reproduction. The human reproductive system is a set of organs working together to produce live offspring. This system is also called the …
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A long time ago, on the streets of old England, a young lady was taking her evening stroll. Suddenly, she felt weak and collapsed on the pavement she was walking on. A crowd of people gathered around her. “What happened to her?” “We should get her some help.” They quickly took the lady to a …
Disposal of waste products is an essential activity of living organisms. In the process of excretion waste products (mainly in chemical form: Urea) in liquid form are excreted out of the body. The three main steps involved in the formation of urine are: filtration of the plasma, reabsorption of materials/useful solutes, formation of urine and …
The Bowman’s capsule extends into nephron tubule. There are four main tubules: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and the collecting tube. The tubules are the site for extensive re-absorption of useful plasma solutes. The useful solutes include: sugars and sodium; part of water is also reabsorbed …
Ishmael was an observant young man from Manhattan. He had made many voyages as a sailor but now yearned for a whaling adventure. One day, on a cold, dull night in December, he arrived at the Spouter-Inn in New Bedford, Massachusetts. As the inn was full, he had to share a bed with Queequeg, a …
The part of nephrons in which the blood plasma is filtered is the glomerulus which is also called Malpighian body. It is a network of capillaries. These capillaries are an extension of the renal artery. The blood plasma is forced into this capillary network under high pressure for filtration. The rate at which blood is …
Once upon a time, four sisters–Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy March–lived together with their mother in a small town of New England. Their neighbours called them the Little Women. Their father, Mr March, was away and served as a chaplain in the Civil War. While he was away, the hardship descended on the family. They …
Professor Otto Lidenbrock was a respected scientist who lived in Hamburg, Germany. He was a professor of mineralogy. He had a great mind. But he was quite moody and had a bad temper. He lived with his nephew Axel and maid Marta. Axel accompanied him in his physics experiments. When the day’s work was done, …
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Long ago in England, there lived a man named Lemuel Gulliver. He loved exploring, and wanted tolead an adventurous life. So, he set sail on a voyage with some of his friends and crew members. The journey started on a positive note, and everyone had a good time. ‘This is the life I wanted,’ Gulliver …
Pip, a six-year-old boy, lived on the marshes of Kent with his crooked sister and her husband Joe Gragery. His sister Mrs Joe Gragery was a loud, angry woman who kept reminding Pip and Joe of the problems she had to face to take care of the house. Joe was a blacksmith by profession. On …
The kidneys are connected with two major blood vessels: the renal artery and the renal vein. In the kidney, the renal arteries divide into several arterioles. These arterioles form a mesh-like network in the glomerulus. The blood under high pressure enters this network and is filtered through the capillary network of the glomerulus. These capillaries …
A kidney consists of several excretory units, called nephrons, that work together to produce urine. They are called the filtering (functional) units of the urinary system. The main parts of the nephrons are: the glomerulus or the Malpighian body, Bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tube and collecting tube, which work …
David Copperfield was a sweet boy who was born in a small village of England. He lived with his mother and maid, Peggotty. He had a mirthful childhood, and loved them both very much. He was sent to the best school, and was very well looked after by both women. After some years, when David …
Urinary Bladder The urinary bladder is a storage organ (elastic in nature) of the excretory system of the liquid waste in the form of urine. It is located behind the pubic bone in the pelvis. The bladder muscles contract while urination. This contraction of muscles opens two sphincters or valves at the end of the …
The ureter is hollow tube-like structure which makes a bridge between the kidney and the urinary bladder. Each kidney is connected with a ureter. Ureters carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. The length of the ureter ranges from 10-12 inches. Each ureter enters the bladder through a tunnel in the bladder wall, …
It was the year 1866. Some strange reports had created a chaos in America and Europe. There had been numerous attacks on ships sailing in the Pacific Ocean. The people who survived the attacks claimed to have seen a large monster with many blowholes. The creature seemed to bear a resemblance to a whale. It …
20,000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA | World Famous Classics Read More »
One day, Jesus and His disciples crossed the Sea of Galilee in a boat to Bethsaida. After hearing about John the Baptist’s death, Jesus wanted to be alone for some time in order to pray for the deceased’s soul. But people followed Jesus on foot from the towns. They knew that He performed great miracles. …
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There lived a young woman named Mary in a small town of Nazareth in Galilee. She was engaged to be married to Joseph, a young carpenter, who was a descendant of King David. One day, God sent His angel, Gabriel, to give Mary an important message. “Rejoice, Mary,” said Gabriel, “You are the most blessed …
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Kidneys are dark reddish-brown coloured, bean-shaped organs of the excretory system, located in the back of the abdomen. Kidneys filter liquid waste and work as a disposal system of the body. Each kidney is connected with a renal artery and a renal vein. Nephrons are the basic functional units of a kidney. A kidney houses …
The excretory system is an organ system that helps eliminate the liquid waste from the body. This organ system consists of the following organs: a pair of kidneys, ureter, bladder and urethra. Each organ of this system performs a specific task. The kidneys form the liquid waste (urine) by filtration of plasma. The ureter carries …
The islets of Langerhans are the endocrine part of the pancreas. These are the clusters of prism-shaped cells that release a hormone known as insulin which is required for the conversion of excess sugars into glycogen in the liver and muscles. Another hormone released by this gland is glucagon which is an antagonist of insulin. …
The adrenal glands are located on the upper part of each kidney. The adrenal glands consist of an outer part and inner part. The outer part is called the cortex, and the inner part is called medulla. The cortex secrets a group of hormones called cortin, and the medulla secrets a hormone called adrenalin. Cortin …
Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, conquered Israel and took all the strong young men as captives. He trained them in learning science. Daniel was also chosen for the training. One day, King Nebuchadnezzar was disturbed. He called his wise men and told them about a strange dream, which he had forgotten. He asked for the …
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Solomon was the fourth son of King David. He was anointed king just before the death of David. When David was on his deathbed, he told his son to obey God and be a good king. Solomon was very young and he realized that he was too inexperienced to rule over a great nation, such …
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The pinkish-grey coloured gland located at the upper part of the chest is the thymus gland. It is one of the main organs of the immune system. At birth, this gland is quite small but as growth progresses its size increases. It grows till a person attains puberty and then it shrinks again. Its functions …
The parathyroid glands are four small glands placed two on each side of the thyroid gland in the neck. The hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland is parathormone which controls the amount of calcium in blood and bone. Over-secretion of parathormone causes calcium and phosphorous depletion from the bones and the teeth, and increase in …
Saul was the king of Israel but he kept disobeying God. So, God asked Samuel to find a new king. He sent Samuel to the house of Jesse and asked Samuel to anoint one of Jesse’s eight sons. Jesse brought his seven sons to let them meet Samuel but God had chosen none of them. …
The thyroid gland is located just below the larynx. The principal hormone secreted by this gland is the thyroxine hormone which regulates the metabolism in the human body, such as maintaining normal blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, muscle tone and reproductive functions. The thyroid gland plays a vital role in the growth of bones and …
The pituitary gland is a pea-sized gland that lies at the base of the skull, in the brain. It is considered as the master gland because it produces hormones that regulate hormones produced by other glands and exerts considerable control over the various bodily functions. The gland produces various hormones as–anti diuretic hormone (ADH), growth …
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