Nail is basically a modified form of skin. Nails are the hard coverings that protect the fingers and the toes. They are composed of keratin and are made by the epidermal cells. The parts of a nail are: free end, main nail plate, lunula, nail fold, cuticle and nail root. The nail is a dead part and cannot feel pain. The pain is felt through the surrounding skin of the nail. Nail helps grip, scratch and pick things up.